EEG spikes resembling cardiac M-shaped waves in the EKG: the cerebral M pattern |
A.Bruce Janati1, Naif S. ALGhasab2, Tariq Aziz3, Fazal Haq3, Fahad Saad ALGhassab4, Tariq Iqhbal3, and Rehab Khaleel Alenazy5 |
1Neurology Center of Fairfax, Fairfax, USA 2Department of Internal Medicine, Hail University, KFSH&RC, Saudi Arabia 3Department of Neurology, King Khalid Hospital, Hail, Saudi Arabia 4Department of Dentistry, King Khalid Hospital, Hail University, Hail, Saudi Arabia 5Department of Internal Medicine, Hail University College of Medicine, Hail, Saudi Arabia |
Corresponding Author:
Naif S. ALGhasab ,Tel: +966-507886878, Fax: +966-065333012, Email: Naifalghasab@gmail.com |
Received June 14, 2016 Revised: September 3, 2016 Accepted September 12, 2016 |
Copyright © 2017 The Korean Society of Clinical Neurophysiology |
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,
provided the original work is properly cited. |
ABSTRACT |
Studies of interictal epileptiform discharges are essential for improving the diagnosis, classification, and management of epilepsy. In this case series we sought to identify the clinical and neurophysiological significance of bifid spikes, whose pattern bears a strong resemblance to the cardiac M pattern. We hypothesize that, analogous to the cardiac M pattern, the cerebral M pattern is generated by a conduction defect associated with asynchronous spatiotemporal averaging of electrical signals in the cortex, resulting in the signals reaching the scalp with different latencies. Unlike the cardiac M pattern, the pathology underlying the cerebral M pattern is unknown, although congenital CNS anomalies may be a culprit. |
Key words:
Interictal epileptiform discharges; Bifid spikes; Cerebral M pattern |
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