A Case of Pretarsal Blepharospasm Presenting asApraxia of Lid Opening

Kim, Joon-Tae; Kim, Byeong-Chae; Hwang, In-Yong; Lee, Sung-Min; Choi, Sung-Min; Son, Eui-Ju; Kim, Myeong-Kyu; Cho, Ki-Hyun

Ann Clin Neurophysiol > 2002 ;4(1) > Article

Ann Clin Neurophysiol. 2002; 4(1): 63-65.

Joon-Tae Kim, Byeong-Chae Kim, In-Yong Hwang, Sung-Min Lee, Sung-Min Choi, Eui-Ju Son, Myeong-Kyu Kim, and Ki-Hyun Cho

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

ABSTRACT

Blepharospasm and apraxia of lid opening(ALO) are non-paralytic causes of involuntary eyelid closure. Clinically itis difficult to differentiate blepharospasm and ALO, and these two conditions are sometimes associated. We report acase of pretarsal blepharospasm presenting as apraxia of lid opening. 55-year-old woman was noted to have voluntaryeye opening difficulty. We synchronously record the electromyographic(EMG) from the levator palpebrae superiorisand the orbicularis oculi muscles in this patient. This results suggested that she has a variant of blepharospasm due toabnormal contraction in the pretarsal orbicularis oculi.

Key words: Blepharospasm, Apraxia of lid opening, EMG