Acute motor axonal neuropathy (AMAN) is a subtype of Guillain-Barre syndrome and characterized by selectiveinvolvement of motor fibers. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a demyelinating disease of central nervoussystem. The coincidence of central and peripheral nervous system involvement has been reported rarely. Wedescribed a 37-year-old male patient presented with fever and altered consciousness. The examination of cerebrospinalfluid and brain magnetic resonance imaging was compatible with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Several daysafter admissionb his mentality was improved but quadriparesis, multiple cranial neuropathies, and areflexia were detected.Electrophysiologic studies suggested axonal form of motor dominant polyneuropathy. We report a case of acutemotor axonal neuropathy combined with ADEM. We consider that this case is an example of simultaneous immunologicprocess to the common pathogenic epitope of central nervous system and peripheral nervous system.
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