Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is an immune-mediated neuropathy with heterogeneous features. Appropriate treatment will produce a favorable outcome, but a poor treatment response and severe disability have also been reported. The roles of the clinical phenotypes and electrophysiological features of CIDP as well as of autoantibodies against nodal and paranodal proteins have been highlighted previously due to their association with the treatment response and long-term prognosis. This review addresses the diverse factors associated with the prognosis of CIDP.

Citations

• Tendon-Sparing Extraocular Muscle Enlargement Associated With Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy
  Antonios D. Dimopoulos, Anne Barmettler
  Ophthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery.2024; 40(2): e38.     CrossRef

Electrodiagnostic tests (EDX) is essential for the diagnosis of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). EDX could provide information about demyelinating pathology in the peripheral nerves. According to phenotypes, CIDP could be classified several phenotypes, which has different clinical manifestations, EDX could present a different distribution pattern of demyelinating lesions. In addition, EDX could be useful markers for predicting treatment response of prognosis of CIDP.

Clinical evaluations, nerve conduction studies, and electromyography play major complementary roles in electrophysiologic diagnoses. Electromyography can be used to assess pathologic changes and localize lesions occurring in locations ranging from motor units to anterior-horn cells. Successfully performing electromyography requires knowledge of the anatomy, physiology, and pathology of the peripheral nervous system as well as sufficient skill and interpretation ability. Electromyography techniques include acquiring data from visual/auditory signals and performing needle positioning, semiquantitation, and interpretation. Here we introduce the basic concepts of electromyography to guide clinicians in performing electromyography appropriately.

Citations

• Artificial intelligence for automatic classification of needle EMG signals: A scoping review
  S. de Jonge, W.V. Potters, C. Verhamme
  Clinical Neurophysiology.2024; 159: 41.     CrossRef
• Flexible Electrode by Hydrographic Printing for Surface Electromyography Monitoring
  Xiong Zeng, Ying Dong, Xiaohao Wang
  Materials.2020; 13(10): 2339.     CrossRef

Electrodiagnostic studies such as nerve conduction studies (NCS) and needle electromyography (EMG) provide important and complementary information for evaluating patients with suspected neuromuscular disorders. NCS and needle EMG are reasonably safe diagnostic investigations and are generally associated with only mild transient discomfort when performed by experienced physicians. However, there is the risk of complications in some patients, because NCS involve the administration of electric current and EMG involves inserting a needle percutaneously into muscle tissue. This article reviews the potential risks of NCS and needle EMG.

Citations

• Bioelectric medicine: unveiling the therapeutic potential of micro-current stimulation
  Hana Lee, Seungkwan Cho, Doyong Kim, Taehyun Lee, Han Sung Kim
  Biomedical Engineering Letters.2024; 14(3): 367.     CrossRef
• Needle electromyography does not meaningfully impact findings in MR‐neurography/−myography
  Stefan Sondermann, Tobias Boppel, Katharina Fieseler, Peter Schramm, Tobias Bäumer, Peter Trillenberg
  Muscle & Nerve.2024; 69(4): 409.     CrossRef

Background
Acute brachial plexitis is an acute idiopathic inflammatory disease affecting brachial plexus, which is characterized by initial severe pain in shoulder followed by profound weakness of affected arm. This is a retrospective study to evaluate the clinical and electrophysiological profile of acute brachial plexitis. Methods: Sixteen patients with acute brachial plexitis were sampled. The electrodiagnostic studies included motor and sensory nerve conduction studies (NCSs) of the median and ulnar, sensory NCSs of medial and lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerves, and needle electromyography (EMG) of selected muscles of upper extremities and cervical paraspinal muscles. The studies were performed on both sides irrespective of the clinical involvement. Results: In most of our patient, upper trunk was predominantly affected (14 patients, 87.50%). Only two patients showed either predominant lower trunk affection or diffuse affection of brachial plexus. All had an acute pain followed by the development of muscle weakness of shoulder girdle after a variable interval (7

Background
The aim of this study is to identify the correlation between ultrasonographic findings of median nerve andclinical scale and electrophysiologic data in carpal tunnel syndrome. Methods: Forty three patients (79 hands) with electrophysiologicallyconfirmed carpal tunnel syndrome were evaluated. Clinical symptoms were examined by Historical-Objective(Hi-Ob) scale. Electrophysiologic data and Padua scale were used for severity of electrophysiology. In ultrasonographic study,cross sectional area and flattening ratio of median nerve were measured at distal wrist crease level (DWC), 1cm proximalto distal wrist crease level, and 1cm distal to distal wrist crease level. The correlation between Hi-Ob scale, electrophysiologicdata and ultrasonography was measured with Spearman rank test. Results: The mean Hi-Ob scale was 2.4. Mean Padua scalewas 4.0. In ultrasnonographic study, cross sectional area and flattening ratio were 0.112 cm2