Noninvasive stimulation of the nervous system for treating chronic neuropathic pain has received attention because of its tolerability and relative efficacy. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a representative method of noninvasive brain stimulation. Evidence-based guidelines on therapeutic use of rTMS have been proposed recently for several neurological diseases. These guidelines recommend treating neuropathic pain by applying high-frequency (≥ 5 Hz) rTMS to the primary motor cortex contralateral to the painful side. This review summarizes the mechanisms and guidelines of rTMS for treating neuropathic pain, and proposes directions for future research.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for phantom limb pain- a meta analysis of randomized controlled trials FNU Chandni, FNU Savanti, Rohit Kumar, Murk Raj, Aakash Kumar, Aashish Kumar, Sejal Kinger, Sahil Kumar, Himat Rai, Afsana Ansari Shaik, Muhammad Sohaib Asghar Neurological Sciences.2025; 46(5): 2019. CrossRef
Impact of Titanium Skull Plate on Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation: Analysis of Induced Electric Fields Mai Lu, Shoogo Ueno Life.2024; 14(5): 642. CrossRef
Synaptic sensitization in the anterior cingulate cortex sustains the consciousness of pain via synchronized oscillating electromagnetic waves Richard Ambron Frontiers in Human Neuroscience.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Dualism, Materialism, and the relationship between the brain and the mind in experiencing pain Richard Ambron Neuroscience.2024; 561: 139. CrossRef